A Brief Introduction of plastic waste in India, and some measures at a glance.

  India's Plastic waste at a glance 20 yrs from now. Are we doing anything about it?.

PET bottles.

In 2011, the measure of plastic waste created by the nation was nearly 7,000,000 metric tons each year and is assessed to be more than 50 million, metric tons each year in the year 2041.  This measurement shows the measure of plastic waste produced across India from 2001 to 2011, with gauges up to 2041. India generates close to 26,000 metric tonnes of plastic a day, according to a CPCB*(Center for Pollution Control Board) estimate from 2012. Worse, a little over 10,000 metric tonnes a day of plastic waste remains uncollected. FYI (one tonne is equal to 1000 kgs almost equal to a garbage truck).

Delhi's Ghazipur dumping

Unsegregated and uncollected plastics eventually end up in landfills, rivers, and finally to the Oceans. By 2050, various reports show that the alarming mismanagement of waste, the amount of plastic in seas and oceans across the world will weigh more than the fishes. With considerable efforts to clean up the water system with nationwide river cleaning campaigns our river Ganga comes second after  China’s Huang Ho in Asian  Region.

Our plastic consumption and utilization are expanding and growing. The plastic preparing industry is assessed to grow to 22 million tons (MT) a year by 2020 from 13.4 MT in 2015. Of which almost 50% of this is single-utilize plastic, as indicated by a Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce* and Industry study. But if we compare to our counterpart country the US,  less than 11kg, India’s per capita plastic consumption is nearly one-tenth of the US,  which is at 109kg. Per person. This shows that we still have hope to minimize waste production on a global basis.

The choice is ours.

Stop and Refuse single-use plastics.

The 2016 Plastic Waste Management Rules* were an attempt to improve some legislation and Plastic Waste Management. Each state a local body has to be responsible for setting up infrastructure for segregation, collection, processing, and disposal of plastic waste. Additionally, the rules, amended in 2018, introduced the concept of EPR (extended producer responsibility), according to which the producers (manufacturers, importers, and those using plastic in packaging), as well as brand owners, would be held responsible for collecting the waste that their products generate. There were many challenges on EPR’s as well, the most important challenge we face as of now is the infrastructure, we need better collecting bins, better infrastructure, and technology for segregation and processing the waste. 

There are some laws that are ambiguous in nature and some practical. You will be surprised to know that there are some mandatory laws that enforce hefty charges and fines, but the one I like is that you can collect money or charge anyone for their waste if it's not being managed or if you do it, however, no one bats an eye over it.

Please avoid Sling wraps.

In terms of avoiding and banning plastic and single-use product, Sikkim was the first and pioneer in banning plastic bags as far back as 1998. Which is almost more than a decade from today. Others followed, and so far, around 22 states and UTs have bans in place. Banning was not the solution unless the mass is aware of the issues or their repercussions and, most importantly if the alternative is not available then things don't work out the way they should. So instead of closing down plastic manufacturing and trading units and rendering lakhs jobless, they should have been nudged to produce alternatives.

Please segregate your waste before dumping.

The general public and users should be provided with feasible alternatives, which are not costly, and made aware of these options. The industry should also be pushed to work on R&D to work on packaging alternatives, provided with time to work on this and given targets to phase out different types of plastic.  

Rather than a sudden blanket ban, the laws should suggest phasing out single-use plastic according to whether these are high priority items that need to be replaced immediately and for which alternatives are available, and those that require more time to be phased out. The forthcoming norms on extended producer responsibilities should be stringent and in execution, awareness and proper waste management will definitely hold out hope for India’s attempts at reducing plastic waste, provided all stakeholders, including consumers, step up and manage their waste like a responsible Indian citizen. 

* Sources, CPCB, FICCI, Plastic Waste Management Rules 2016.

Marine Plastic Pollution

Marine Plastic Pollution (WWF report 2018)

Plastics are synthetic compounds made from carbon-based materials;

most plastic is derived from oil and other fossil materials, though it can

also, be made from other sources like cellulose and corn starch. Plastic is

widely used because of its durability, but this also makes it dangerous:

most plastics are not biodegradable and remain in the environment for

hundreds of years.

Current estimates report that there are over 150 million tonnes of plastics in the ocean today. In a business-as-usual scenario, the ocean will contain 1 tonne of plastic for every 3 tonnes of fish by 2025, and by 2050, the oceans may have more plastics than fish (by weight) 

The fight against marine pollution, of which plastic waste is among the

main causes – is one of the focus areas of Sustainable Development Goal

14 “Life below water”. In 2018, the UN Environment placed the issue of

ocean plastics among the six most serious environmental emergencies,

(along with others such as climate change, ocean acidification and

biodiversity loss).

Plastics represent most of the waste (60-95%) found in seas around

the world and the main type of waste found on beaches and marine

sediments. Of this, 80% comes from land sources and 20% from marine

sources (such as fishing, aquaculture, and maritime transport)

Since most plastics are not biodegradable, all the plastics present in 

the environment will remain there for hundreds or thousands of years.

Used on average for four years – but often just once – plastics remain in

the sea for periods ranging from five years for a cigarette filter, 20 years

for a bag, 50 years for a plastic cup, and up to 600 years for a fishing line.

Macroplastics – larger waste items such as bags, cigarette filters,

balloons, bottles, caps, or straws – are the most visible form of

plastic pollution. But it is microplastics, fragments of less than 5mm

that have the greatest impact on marine life.

  Some microplastics are formed directly at sea, as larger plastic debris

breaks down due to wind, waves, or ultraviolet light. Others are

intentionally manufactured as nurdles (tiny pellets used in plastic

production) or exfoliating agents and additives for soaps, creams, gels and

toothpaste, or are accidentally generated, for instance from tire dust or

from the use and washing of synthetic clothing fibers.

  The impact of microplastics goes beyond the marine environment,

contaminating even air, both tap and bottled water –and food and

drinks, including salt, honey, and beer.

The global economic cost of the 10 to 20 million tonnes of plastic ending

up in the world’s oceans, each year is estimated at approximately US $13

billion per year in environmental damage to marine ecosystems. This

includes financial losses incurred by fisheries and tourism as well as time

spent cleaning up beaches.

This is my first post on the blog. I’m a plastic minimalist and trying to live a sustainable lifestyle. I'm a nature-loving person and appreciates everything Nature has provided us. I’ll be updating blogs and articles on the same topics I hope to provide you much information and pass on the message of living a Sustainable life and become a Plastic minimalist. Hope you enjoy my articles and appreciate any feedback or suggestions or any updated information on the topic we discuss.